Should come first cold, as here we begin to fear of SARS and influenza. We decided to find out what is common between these diseases, how to distinguish between them, treat, and what prevention is needed. Questions we have addressed to the doctor of medical Sciences, Professor Ivan G. Kozlov.What is different SARS flu?
Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and influenza occur most often it is in the autumn-winter period. Their symptoms are often similar, but in the case of SARS, they are manifested locally scratchy and sore throat, cough, runny nose and are accompanied by low temperatures. The cause of SARS, as a rule, are respiratory viruses other than influenza virus.
Flu-like symptoms - fever, chills, joint pain and headaches, weakness in the whole body. During the first three days of a fever, on the third or fourth day the temperature usually drops from 39 to 37, 2-37, 5, followed by the rapid disappearance of symptoms. And if not happened complications, the disease ceases to exist already on the seventh day. Sometimes potential residual effects (weakness, sore throat and coughing that can last for another week.
The most severe complications of influenza, from which man may die within three days from the moment of the disease, the lesions of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. The flu can also lead to the development of severe pneumonia, in this case to viral disease associated bacterial infection. Output: start the treatment of influenza immediately, when the first signs.
You have a high likelihood of complications or life threatening currents flu?
There are several groups of risk, from which it is necessary to begin treatment of the flu immediately after the occurrence of the first symptoms. First of all, these are people with chronic bronchopulmonary disease (bronchitis, asthma) and cardiovascular (arterial hypertension, chronic heart failure) systems. Also those in the previous cases of SARS and influenza had a heavy period with high temperatures (more than 40) and neurological symptoms (convulsions, loss of consciousness).
In risk, you can also include people with a confirmed diagnosis of secondary immunodeficiency and frequent (more than two times per year) bacterial infections in these patients the flu can often give the bacterial infections and pneumonia.
Where the probability of catching the flu is greatest?
The larger the city in which you live, the more likely the risk of catching the infection. The virus is transmitted by airborne droplets from coughs and sneezes. It is important to know that the viruses in the environment is practically not live, that is, to infect the body, they should get it within a few seconds. This is especially likely to occur in public transport, in line at the store, at work, and so on.
Why we get sick with the flu?
Stress, work overload, low quality of life - all these factors negatively affect the immune system. By the way, people who are prone to depression, get sick more often than those who lead an active lifestyle and optimistic.
How is intestinal flu?
Usually viruses are afraid acidic environment of the stomach, however, and among them is quite strong, able to survive in such conditions. They enter the body through the mouth, bypassing the stomach into the intestines, where they destroy the cells of the mucous membrane. In principle this is the same flu, only with the primary symptoms of the disorder of the digestive tract. Subsequently, when the virus enters the body, the flu will have the typical symptoms.
When to and when not to bring the temperature down?
Always keep in mind that at high temperatures, the body fights the virus. If the temperature is below 38, 5 degrees, to bring down its not worth it. But if the temperature exceeds this value at least half a degree, the situation is poorly controlled. In this case, you should take a febrifuge.
How to treat the flu?
When the reproduction of the virus in the body cells die and there is an effect of intoxication; in addition, the high temperature leads to dehydration and increased concentration of toxic substances. So you need to drink a lot. Herbal teas, fruit drinks, fruit drinks, jelly and water with lemon - it is recommended that the tones. Not too much is the intake of vitamins, especially vitamin C.
On the background of the high temperature increases the strain on all the organs and systems, especially in emergency mode works the liver is the major organ where they undergo detoxification processes. Therefore, patients should rest and a bland diet.
When the simple form of the flu I would not recommend to take a large part of the known antiviral drugs. The fact that they have many side effects, and should always consider the risks and benets. If you're not at risk and your disease is the usual way to buy drugs no sense. If you are at risk, you need to use the medication immediately, but only after consultation with your doctor. Help domestic rimantadine and import Tamiflu. Recently appeared a few effective antiviral drugs with minimal side effects.
How effective are antihistamines?
Indeed, we antihistamines first generation (suprastin, diphenhydramine, tavegil) have become very popular in the treatment of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections. However, evidence regarding their efficacy in these diseases are not present. So remember the two main side effects associated with these drugs.
First, they have a sedative effect (i.e. cause drowsiness). If the patient cope with the illness on his feet, then, when receiving these drugs should not drive or perform hazardous work.
Secondly, inherent antihistamine preparations of the first generation vasoconstrictor effect, which is manifested in the reduction of secretions from the nose or bronchi, easing the symptoms of the disease, at the same time creates the risk of complications (rhinosinusitis, bronchitis).
What you need to do to not get the flu?
To lead a healthy lifestyle, gymnastics, more happy, sleep well and eat healthy food (fish, vegetables, herbs, dairy products, and so forth), as well as during the epidemic period should be less likely to be in areas with large concentrations of people.
Do I need to take immunomodulators?
Only in our country immunomodulators such common: a choice of more than 120 drugs! Roughly these drugs can be divided into the following groups.
1. Immunomodulators for substitution therapy. Such as drugs, cytokines (e.g. interferons). They make up for the lack of cytokine in the body. But they do not take all indiscriminately at the end of the disease: at this time the body of the average person already produces the right amount of interferon.
2. Funds activation type. Then there are those who are forced to work hard own immune system. Range of products of this type are quite wide, and they are recommended as prophylaxis and / or treatment of influenza. Treatment can be repeated a previous statement: the human immune system is not at risk, effectively cope with the virus themselves.
Prevention more difficult. On the one hand, drug-activated immune system is able to resist the penetration and spread of the virus is much more effective. But, on the other hand, no one knows when this virus will come." And after stimulation inevitably, there is a decline ("fatigue"), you might have "the effect of open window" and nothing protects the body becomes an easy target for a viral or bacterial infection.
Often sick people with good immune system. Why is this happening?
It's not immunity, and lifestyle. Judge for yourself, many people often come to work, being sick, and jeopardize the whole team. At home, where there's a sick, all use the same towel and common dishes, lazy wash hands frequently with soap and water. Don't want to deny myself the pleasure of communicating a wide range... If everyone followed the rules of hygiene, the annual flu epidemic brought us much less frustrating.
Source:
Wday
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