The first year is the most important: never more your baby will not develop so fast! What determines his health and mental balance? My view on this period is a child psychologist, the author of the course "Learn to walk with the child" (with babies from 2 months to a year), Vladimir EmelyanovHave you ever wondered how to begin the process of education? With the ability of the adult to observe the development of his child. To listen and hear your baby, to see how he grows in his eyes to understand what he wants. From the first minutes of his life! The crumb will open up before mom and dad gradually, from year to year. And every day you can see the child builds himself and what he wants from his parents. The first year is a major milestone, the most significant period for the entire life of the kid. What is important for the healthy development?
What is care
The first year of life is, first of all, physical education baby. It is education and not just development! Caring for the baby, thus we bring up his attitude to his body in the future. And what will his perception of healthy and unhealthy, depends entirely on us, the adults. Because every step responds to the kid on physical and spiritual levels!
Here are the three main aspects of care for a child after birth:
1. The power on.
2. The experience, which he receives in respect of heat, cold, hearing and vision (it is important as parents pay attention to this).
3. As the child develops their motor activity.
It all starts with heat...
Immediately after birth the infant has not yet established its own teploisoliacia - it is just starting to tune in. Therefore, we are warmed by the baby warm pechenocnami (after birth he loses 1, 5-2 0C). In the future always monitor the temperature. The fact that the lack of heat leads to incorrect formation of tablerelation body systems. As a consequence suffers immune system, t. to. a healthy way it develops only in warm. So you should remember a few simple rules. The temperature in the room must be at least 21 0C. Cold air, drafts, cold floors - all this is a threat for kid. Need to change a wet diaper, t. to. it quickly cools. Tempering baby anymore! Contrasting hardening repeatedly changing body temperature, which causes great harm to the development of crumbs: violated heat-exchange processes in the body. And look at the early hardening as a way to strengthen the immune system, alas, wrong. On the contrary, rubbing cold water, cold baths, cold showers at this age can cause a variety of rheumatic diseases in the future. In addition, the hardening makes kids nervous and irritable, can cause nervous disorders. However, the softness as the polarity of hardening also harmful! The kid should grow up in the most natural conditions.
Clothing newborn choose gentle, soft, warming. Well wear wool shirt over his bare body. Clean linen, which changed my baby's got to lay in his bed. Remember that a stable thermal regime in humans is formed only by the age of puberty! This gives the ability to bear children. Therefore, worrying about the development tablerelation system of the child now, we care about the healthy birth of our grandchildren in the future.
How is the activity
A newborn usually looks at the light, towards the window. And to prevent curvature of the spine and the bones of the skull, it is necessary from time to time to pass on the other side.
Swaddle better up to 3 months. Babies do not have too many moving arms and legs: it causes distraction and superficiality. Tight swaddle too, can not - it causes stiffness in the movements and speech. To take a swaddle how to play with your child: talk to him, sing. Do a little massage? If there is no medical evidence to hold regular sessions should not include early and frequent massirovanie activates the nervous system and the crumb becomes excitable and overly active. In General, special exercises for the development of the movement is not recommended: only gentle stroking on the back, tummy, arms and legs during diaper changing (from the periphery to the center).
Dynamic gymnastics for babies is strictly prohibited! 15 years of experience has shown that it can lead to the development of sclerotic processes in the future.
It is important to carry the child in her arms or in the scarf (the sling). Touching the mother, the baby feels her warmth, smell, and movement. All this is crucial for the healthy development - both physical and mental! Next to the mother he always feels secure, learning to feel your body. The main thing that my mom did everything with love: baby perceives her emotions with all my being!
All other impulses that encourage baby to move, must come from him! In the process of their own activity develops the will of the child. And his liveliness, creativity is a mental feedback on our love and care about him.
What he hears
We perceive the world largely by ear. And always open to the sounds around us. And they can build up and destroy the psyche, especially a newborn! It is therefore very important to protect it from all sorts of noises and technical music.
The noise causes great harm! The kid is frightened of loud noises and, as a consequence of experiencing a lot of stress. This impacts the child's body: possible convulsions, spasms of blood vessels, lungs and other organs. And if the noise surrounds a small constantly, he becomes nervous and excitable. Moreover, more profound symptoms destructive actions of loud music and noise, usually occur after 3 years - quite unexpectedly. And to work with them need a psychologist. Therefore, in the first three years there is no electronic music (TV, tape recorder, radio and others).
Negative impact on the children and complete silence. Auditory perception develops in humans on the basis of live communication, speech sounds and singing (folk songs, lullabies). Listening to the conversation of the adults, the baby gets the experience of our emotional experiences. It is therefore very important, as we talk with the child, cold and insensible or our speech is filled with love, warmth and care about him, happy intonations.
Through speech, the child receives the first experience of the knowledge and the confidence, experience love and acceptance of us - his parents.
What he sees
About the fifth week, the little son or daughter for the first time, you will smile. Make it happen sooner, look into the eyes of the baby when feeding, in games, during diaper changing.
Talk with him! The baby should see a live facial expressions moms and dads, their joy, flowing movements of their hands and body. Bright direct lighting should be excluded. Best of all, if the newborn will lie under the canopy of pale pink or blue colors. For this it is good to have over the bed canopy.
In the room where the baby should not be too much furniture, clothes, toys, too bright patches of colour. Why? The eyes of your toddler just starting to get used to the world. Too early and intense irritation leads to the fact that the child begins unconsciously to seek external visual impression. However, he never manages to mentally process, because they are too intense and a lot of them. So he soon becomes dependent on external stimuli. The child needs are constantly changing picture, but otherwise it's boring... the Greatest harm in this plan subsequently put the TV, computer, electronic games, it is advisable to protect children from exposure to adolescence.
With the help of view of the child perceives not only the images and forms of the world - he sees the quality of their components. That is what filled our movement - anger or calmness, aggression or kindness; that in the eyes of mother - love and care or regret about the left work, fatigue, etc.
Mental strength parent
Love, tenderness, warmth, trust, and gratitude to the child - the main, essential forces that shape the physical health of the baby. Therefore, the most important thing in the care of the child the first year of life - the inner attitude of their parents.
What can prevent the natural development of the baby? The fear of mom and dad interact with him or, on the contrary, their excessive zeal in education; fear pamper baby and the desire to physically "fit" its development; poorly concealed negative emotions and so on, it is Important to understand that the love and warmth of parents, their joyful, trusting, patient attitude to the baby - this is the mental strength that stimulate physical development of our crumbs and improve it. They are responsible for the correct formation of the child's body, his physical growth and maturation of the psyche.
The role of games and toys
Baby loves mom and dad and fully trusts them. Therefore, from birth to three years it around imitates adults through the game. All the impressions received by the child from the outside, processed them in the game, which helps the healthy formation of bodily and mental in it.
Toy for baby - the urge to gamble. And not just because I want to give something to slip a little new toy. We choose the toy because she likes us, absolutely not thinking, useful whether it is the child. Unfortunately, we have no culture toys: grandparents, uncles and aunts salariat toddler unnecessary items that will only hinder his creative development. So from the first days of life need to enter a simple toy quarantine.
How to play baby?
In the first year of life the baby is playing with himself. When he talks with his hands and legs, crawls, walks, jumps, his joints move, the muscles of the body are reduced - so developing motor skills body, skills for their future speech. In the end, the kid plays with it: babbling, shouting, "taste" sounds.
The first toy baby - soft fabric or wool ball. The second cloth doll, made by the hands of parents. It is best to just knot doll from cloth or diaper. The fact that the child identifies the diaper with a portion of his physicality, which is always near. Diaper (scarf) helps to feel the boundaries of my body (by Mat), and thus the baby identifies with her. Playing with a doll made out of diapers, he plays with himself, feels itself.
Important material for toys. It changes with the development of crumbs. 6 months is a wool and fabric, then wood, bark, leather, later, metal and paper.
What hinders the development? Solid dolls: they are static, they are dead facial expression, and body is the frozen form. Animals: toddler begins to imitate the movement of the animal and identifies with him and not with man.
Than to play
The best games for a child under one year is touching, stroking, diapering, facial expressions, finger games, telling stories and short tales, singing a lullaby. Here is a list of useful toys:
- diaper;
- embroidered ball (cloth);
- canopy (pink or blue);
cart handmade;
nodular doll;
- wooden rysunki;
- wooden beads with different surface (smooth, ribbed);
- felt balls;
- soft ball the size of a child's head;
- wicker balls;
- rag doll:
- natural materials (chestnuts, shells, pebbles, twigs, logs, bark);
- materials of different textures;
- folk "Sumerki" (wood, twigs, bark, bamboo) with grain;
- embroidered bags filled with bulk material (sand, grain, stones);
plastic bath toys - 3-4 pcs.
Everything is going according to plan?
Each kid has their own pace of development. And there are still average and marginal indicators for a healthy baby in the first year of life. However, they do not exhaust all possibilities of a baby.
Height and weight
By six months your baby doubles its weight, and by the year triples.
In the first 3 months he grows up to 3 cm on a monthly basis,
in the period from 3 to 6 months - 2, 5 cm on a monthly basis,
from 6 to 9 months - 2 cm, respectively,
from 9 to 12 months - on 1-1, 5 cm every month.
- On-year growth increased by 50 %.
A few words on nutrition
Up to six months a baby is fed exclusively breast milk - it has all that he needs. If it's hot, baby, you can additionally drink a teaspoon of melted water. When the child's first tooth appears (5-6 months), it's time to introduce complementary foods. Start with carrot juice (1 day - 1 drop, 2-day - 2 drops..., 10 th - 10 drops, the 11 - plus 10 drops), then enter the carrot and onion broth, vegetable soup (from 1 teaspoon to portion, which replaced one feeding). Next, type cereals, dairy products, legumes (beans, peas, cauliflower. After a year of fish. When the child says about himself "I am" - eggs and meat.
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