Students generally found the diabetes of the 1st type that is associated with deficiency of the hormone insulin, which normalizes glucose levels in the blood. However, in recent years, much concerned doctors, children get sick and characteristic of adults with diabetes of the 2nd type. Its feature - enough insulin is produced, but the body does not respond to hormone signals, so the sugar is out of control.At the heart of diabetes is the failure of the immune system. In the begin producing antibodies that destroy the endocrine apparatus of the pancreas. According to the doctors, "detonator" of such a process often serve as agents of children's infections, in particular, mumps (epidemic parotitis), chickenpox (varicella), measles and jaundice (hepatitis a, he - Botkin's disease). Intruding into the pancreas, viruses unsettling the "pipeline" for the production of insulin or reduce to zero the effect of the hormone on the body. Therefore, the student may later develop diabetes.
The first peak morbidity accounts for 7-8 years. The child went to school, faced with an unknown infection, began to develop immunity to them. At this point the protective system of the body is strained to the limit, so in the worst case, it may direct impacts of specific antibodies against pancreas, running the occurrence of diabetes.
The second surge
the disease occurs in 10-14 years. At this age, is hormonal changes associated with puberty. Commands "parade" maturation of the endocrine system. All the links, including the pancreas, in adolescence are tested for strength and therefore particularly sensitive to the adverse effects.
Defective genes
Predisposition to diabetes is associated with a group of certain genes. Having received them from one of the parents, the child gets a chance to become a victim of "sweet affliction."
If diabetes of the 1st type (insulin-dependent) suffers father, the likelihood of disease in the son bли daughter of 5-10 %. When this diabetes sick mother, the risk is much less - 2-2, 5 %. If the older brother or sister, then the chances of the infant to make them unhealthy company - 5 %. Ill have two children - a danger for third child increases to 10 %.
If both parents suffer from disease of the 2nd type (insulin-independent diabetes), the risk of development of disease in children is increased to 65-70 %. True, she realized, it is likely that after 40 years.
The actions of the parents. When heredity disappoint, you must do the maximum possible to reduce the danger. Reliable prevention of the disease - milk diet.
This is evidenced by the results of a ten-year study of American doctors from Boston children's hospital (USA). According to scientists, the antidiabetic effect have contained milk protein, fat and calcium.
And the main thing - do not overfeed the baby.
80 % of overweight children overweight genetically programmed, and 20 % scored at the table.
The energy source
Taste sensitivity of the child is lower than that of an adult. Therefore, in order to satisfy the brain centers perception of sweet, kids eat, not knowing the steps. As we have said, if growing overload of carbohydrates, you may experience diabetes.
However, to prevent too sweet because carbohydrate is the most important source of energy. Students spend its active adults, so they need a "fast" carbohydrates, immediately supporting the body - sugar, glucose, fructose. It is sweets help the child in a short time to restore power.
If you do not give them at all, can lead to hypoglycaemia. Then the level of glucose in the blood falls, the student will feel exhausted, sluggish, hard to learn school material.
In this case, sweet acts as medicine.
But it is necessary in moderation and in due time for it.
The actions of the parents. For full development, elevated mood and an excellent education because your brain cells run on pure glucose) the child must get at least 40 grams of "fast" carbohydrates. This 3 candy or care, wand pastes or one marshmallow, a piece of chocolate, a few biscuits or waffles. It is better to give them to afternoon tea, but you can offer and after lunch. For Breakfast compulsory sweet tea or cocoa, but dinner is recommended yogurt or cottage cheese.
From candy preferable chocolate. Milk chocolate does not excite the nervous system, as previously thought, but instead provides magnesium, which increases resistance to mental stress and protects against diabetes. There is also a lot of antioxidants, normalizing the immune system and metabolism.
Forget about Chupa-Chups, lollipops, sugar cotton wool. It's just processed sugar in its pure form. He's too high in calories and gives excessive load on the pancreas. These sweets just threatening diabetes and spoil the baby teeth.
The pack of ice cream a day
(best of cream) - norm for a child, unless they have excess weight or biliary dyskinesia. It is less caloric than other sweets, and also tempers the nasopharynx, builds immunity to colds and flu, contains calcium, vitamin B2.
Curd snackssweet sodas, cakes and pastries, let's only on holidays - they have too much sugar!
If the student took the normal "fast" carbohydrates at the holiday table, leave it the next day without sweets.
Forbidden fruit
He is known to be sweet. Of the children, which forbade sweet, grow the most notorious "shareprice". The risk of diabetes is much higher than those for whom sweets in childhood were the norm. Gated to the promised candy in the office or received the package with treats as a gift, such a child will certainly be satisfied with the pancreas strength test. Want to avoid problems - develop a peaceful relationship with a sweet tooth in the family.
The actions of the parents. Don't make pastry into something special, festive. Don't make them a reward for good behavior, academic achievement or lunch, eaten by force.
Do not keep on the table a dish of biscuits or chocolates. The child will want to run back hand. Better, as it was instituted by our grandmothers, keep sweets in the cupboard and give for dessert.
To sweeten the children's grief is very tempting, but, from a medical point of view, short-sighted. Adrenaline, which is secreted under stress, refers to a specific hormones, which does not allow insulin to normalize the blood sugar levels.
Viral threat
The risk of acquiring the disease is much higher in winter than in summer. The peak incidence is in December, January and February. In these months the doctors diagnosed 25 % of children who develop type 1 diabetes type during the year, and in June-July is just 8 %. The reason is the causative agents of the common cold, flu, cytomegalovirus which hit the pancreas.
If your child is sick, take him on a light diet, the goal of which is to relieve the body, limiting the secretion of digestive enzymes, which will give an opportunity to rest and recover. Then diabetes will not take hold in the body, using the illness.
The actions of the parents. Do not persuade the patient have a lot to regain strength. Guided by his desires: while the reduced appetite - though portions are small.
Eliminate strong broths, fatty, spicy and sour foods, sausages, sausages, sausages, offal (liver, kidneys, etc.), meats and pickles (primarily sauerkraut, canned food, eggs and fatty fish - sturgeon, sturgeon, mullet.
Banned - nuts, mushrooms, beans, brown bread, millet, fresh pastries, cakes, pastries and candies, ice cream, chewing gum, beer, coffee, cocoa, chocolate, citrus fruits, carbonated beverages.
Author:
Gromov S., MD
Source:
The health of the schoolchild
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