- Raja yoga,
- karma yoga,
- jñāna-yoga,
bhakti yoga
- Hatha yoga.
Raja yoga ("Royal yoga"), also known as classical yoga or simply yoga is one of the six Orthodox schools of philosophy of Hinduism, which is based on the Yoga sutras of Patanjali. The main goal of Raja yoga is control of the mind through meditation (Dhyana), knowing the difference between reality and illusion and liberation. Since the practice of Raja yoga is divided into eight stages, it is also called Ashtanga yoga "eightfold yoga".
Raja yoga is so called because it is designed to work with the mind. The mind is traditionally considered the "king" of the psycho-physical structure of the individual, which, consciously or not, should his orders. Due to the nature of the relationship between body and mind, the body must first be brought under control through self-discipline and purified in various ways (see. Hatha yoga). Before practice more sublime aspects of yoga, you must achieve a higher level of overall physical and psychological health. Different kind of bad habits do not allow to achieve a spiritual balance. Through the practice of abstinence (pit), such as celibacy, abstinence from alcohol and drugs, and constant attention to all our actions of body, speech and mind, one becomes able to meditate. Such asceticism or self-discipline is another meaning of the word "yoga". Swami Satchidananda explains that: "Every thought, feeling or memory drives the mind, changes him, staining the mirror of the mind in a different color. If you can keep the mind from change - it will become quiet and still and you will be able to get in touch with your true "I"".
Karma yoga "yoga activity" also known as buddhi yoga is one of the four main types of yoga in the philosophy of Hinduism.
Karma yoga based on the teachings of Bhagavad-Gita is a sacred Hindu Scriptures in Sanskrit, and its basic meaning is to perform the prescribed duties (Dharma) without attachment to the fruits of labor. In these operations, it becomes possible the achievement of Moksha (salvation) or the love of God (bhakti). This is done through a prescribed duties without selfish motives for the sole purpose of satisfying the Almighty.
Karma yoga is based on the acceptance and understanding of the laws of karma and reincarnation (samsara). They say that man is born with certain Samskaras - both positive and negative, that are carried by an individual from one life to another and in each individual life, encourage him to certain pious or sinful activities. This process continues until the individual is not completely released from the burden of karma and attains Moksha.
Jnana-yoga, Jnana-yoga or Jnana-yogiand the "path of knowledge" is one of the types of yoga in the philosophy of Hinduism, based on the philosophical system of Advaita Vedanta. Jnana in Sanskrit means "knowledge". Jnana yoga is the path of self-realization, in which the individual with the help of his mind learns to distinguish reality from illusion, trying to realize his true self. During the practice of Jana yoga, the individual perceives the difference between material nature with its products and their true spiritual essence. Fully aware of their true spiritual nature, he attains the stage of liberation.
Bhakti-yoga - one of the four main types of yoga in the philosophy of Hinduism.
The practice of bhakti-yoga are aimed at establishing and cultivating personal relationships with one form or incarnation of God through bhakti - serve God with love and devotion.
The practice of bhakti-yoga is strongly recommended various sacred Scriptures of Hinduism as the easiest and most effective type of yoga in this age of Kali-Yuga. In the Bhagavata Purana, bhakti is described as a stage of perfection, superior level of spiritual awareness even Moksha, and in the Bhagavad-Gita proclaims its superiority over the other three main types of yoga - karma yoga, Jnana yoga and Raja yoga. Trends in Hinduism, in which bhakti is the main practice, called bhakti movements. In Vaishnavism, one of the main directions of Hinduism, traditionally there are nine forms of bhakti-yoga.
Hatha Yoga is the doctrine of physical harmony, achieved with the help of physical effects on the body (diet, breathing, asanas, bandhas, mudras), and mental tools (meditation and concentration while doing asanas, pranayamas). Ahimsa is the main ethical principle underlying Hatha Yoga. Ethical principles of Hatha Yoga are described in the first two stages: Yama and Niyama. In the ancient Vedic Scriptures say that the Atma (soul) is in thrall to five life flows (the flow of thin air, a thin stream of water, a thin stream of fire, a flood of subtle earth and ether) and only Hatha yoga can release her from this captivity to achieve Samadhi.
Every exercise known effect on the body part, organ or group of organs. Specially selected sets of asanas, which plays an important role in the sequence of the exercises used to improve and promote health, to combat various ailments. Asana take into account: the breath-hold, on inhale or exhale); the point where should be the main focus. Some asanas are contraindications to performing. Illnesses, according to yoga, this is the wrong distribution of vital energy (prana) in the body, and perform certain asanas and pranayama) leads to the correct redistribution of prana in the body that cures the disease, as physical and mental.
Next, more complex than asanas, stage of yoga is breathing techniques.
Hatha yoga helps to attain good health, using hidden reserves of its own body, and his strength, his will to achieve healing.
"Yoga sutras of Patanjali also acted as the basis for a system of Ashtanga yoga ("eightfold yoga"), the definition of which is given in the 29th Sutra of the 2nd book. Ashtanga yoga is the main distinguishing feature of almost all modern variations of Raja yoga.
Eight steps, or levels Ashtanga yoga:
Yama - principles of interaction with the external environment
- Niyama - principles of interaction with the internal environment
- Asana - the Union of mind and body through physical activity
- Pranayama - control of breathing, leading to the unification of body and mind
- Pratyahara - abstraction of the senses from contact with their objects
- Dharana - targeted concentration of the mind
- Dhyana - meditation (internal activity, which gradually leads to Samadhi)
- Samadhi - peaceful superconscious state of blissful awareness of his true nature
Sometimes they are divided into four lower and four upper degrees, of which the lowest is correlated with Hatha yoga, while the higher level belong specifically to Raja yoga. Simultaneous practice of the three higher stages is called samyama.
Yoga is a practical philosophy, not a religion, and it does not require adherence to any particular belief system.
The word "yoga" comes from Sanskrit "yugas", which means "connection", "Union", or "unity". This is a traditional Indian philosophy, implying a unity of body and spirit, necessary for good health. The unity and inseparability of body and soul leads to an increase of communication with the subconscious mind.
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In yoga exercises incorporate movements, mind and breath to bring the body to a feeling of balance, relaxation and harmony. One who practices yoga, uses his body to develop the mind. Through training the body and mind of man is able to awaken every cell of your being and your soul.
The specific postures (asanas) help for various ailments, strengthens and tones muscles and develops flexibility. Poses involve performing a variety of movements that increase blood oxygenation, which in turn leads to purification and the flux of nutrients to the most distant parts of the body. From the point of view of psychology yoga improves concentration, calms the mind and gives a sense of balance, calmness and satisfaction.
But
there is a significant difference between yoga and other physical exercises. Yoga asanas are psychophysiological, while workout routine only affects the body. Asanas help people not only feel your body to develop muscles and increase flexibility, but also to stabilize the mind and to look at myself. While performing simple physical exercises just physical accuracy, while asanas require, in addition, concentration of mind and body, which leads to their equilibrium.
B. K. S. Iyengar systematized over 200 classic poses (asanas) of yoga and has developed his own system of yoga Iyengar. This version of practical yoga is a methodical and gradual. Special attention is paid to the accurate performance of all elements of the exercise and absolute security. All poses are divided into categories, so that the students regardless of the level of physical fitness is moved forward from the main simple poses to more complex, without exposing yourself to danger. When students achieve greater flexibility, strength and sensitivity of the mind, body and spirit.
Yoga Iyengar with her attention to detail defies not only the body but also the mind, allowing those who does it, to make the control and discipline in all aspects of life. We advise you to practice yoga daily, but are shown in this book poses easily adapt to the amount of free time you have. It is best to select exercises for a certain time in the morning or in the evening, that yoga became an integral part of every day of your life. Will improve not only your posture and flexibility, you will become physically stronger, calmer and more balanced.
- Attendance will increase your activity, you will gladly to learn new poses and be sure that perform them correctly.
Yoga will help everyone, including the elderly and children, people with minor health complaints and those suffering from serious physical and mental problems.
Starting to practice yoga, you will feel how rigid the mind and body, but after the classes will be taller and will take to the streets, whirling in peace and quiet.
If you will perform asanas and pranayama (breath control) carefully and with diligence, mentally controlling every movement and conscious, yoga brings clarity, energy, and peace in all aspects of your life. Asanas and programs proposed in this book, suitable for both beginners and for those who have some experience. They should be performed as often as circumstances allow. You can do an hour a week, and a few hours every day. Regular yoga Iyengar will give you joy, light and happiness on your journey to understanding the essence of things.
- When you only possess a challenging poses, you need the help of a mentor. Regular exercise makes the body more flexible, relieve him from stress and calms the mind.
Source:
Likar.info
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