History is silent about who and when first told a lie. Whether Neanderthal man, to persuade his beloved that he himself killed a huge mammoth, whether enterprising shaman, liars about their relationship with the spirits... or maybe it was the biblical serpent-tempter, obruchevskii our foremother? Over the next Millennium, humanity is pretty adept at the art of deception. Why do people have a weakness to lie? Did Nietzsche was right in saying, even a truthful man eventually comes to realize that he is always lying?
Lying literacy
We learned how to conclude a lie in all sorts of forms, from outright lies to silence the truth from half-truths to their own interpretation of information or confusing concealment of facts. But despite the fact that a lie has many faces and to recognize it is not so easy, some of its "representatives" are known to us. Well, the Lord liars, shall conduct a roll call!
Actors
Surprisingly able to enter into the role and literally transform. Well, if their abilities involved in theater or cinema. But sometimes the need for mummery is implemented in everyday life that does not facilitate the existence of others. It is often difficult to determine whether sincere man or just try on a new image.
How to recognize
. Pretend that absolutely indifferent to the story "actor". He needs attention, instantly lose interest in the "ungrateful audience. But if his speech will become even more emotional and even Voznesenie from your neglect, most likely it is true.
Example
. Unsurpassed Julia Lambert constantly fooled and best friend, and her husband, and loved one.
But, like the heroine of "Theatre" the liars are advised to consider the hypocrisy goes unpunished. Remember when Julia tried to speak frankly with his son, he took it as a rehearsal for the next scene.
Dreamers
Not consider themselves to be liars, as truly believe in the plausibility of their inventions. Reckless fantasize children living in the amazing world of fairy tales and adventures. But building castles in the air love is also overly romantic, not adapted to life the struggle of the people. Forced contact with the brutal reality is so painful for them that they seek as quickly as possible, retreating from painful reality, and immersing themselves in their dreams.
How to recognize
Ask such a person to repeat what he said five minutes ago, saying, distracted and listened. Visionaries - passionate nature, they are busy writing new points in its history, and not by the logic of its construction. Because they are easy to Dodge mismatches.
Example. Known and beloved literary character Baron Munchausen, which had tried to prove the truth of his adventures.
His followers do not forget that the phrase "Baron Munchausen never lies! " the others a long time causes a sarcastic smile.
Bouncers
Who among us has not heard from the lips of an avid fisherman tale of a giant fish caught them in the local pond. And stories about the many triumphal victories on the love front - it's just a classic! This kind of relation was mainly the prerogative of men. Ladies love to brag a little exorbitant cost of new clothes or expensive gifts, which they allegedly showers persistent admirer. False "for effect" as a way to embellish the story, harmless.
How to recognize
Begin to clarify the details. Bouncer, as a rule, become depressed, to resent the fact that you knock him off balance, and then "close topic".
Example:
Successful "businessman" Golokhvastov, which is all messed up head with tales about his wealth.
Admirers of talent of Svirid Petrovich we should not forget that each of them there is a fundamental truth.
The simulators
Look closely at the characters of the television show. On-screen heroes lie, pretending not who they really are imitating the emotions, feelings, which do not experience. But, oddly enough, a sham in reasonable doses is useful. Agree, nice to chat with nice and polite man, who pour compliments and says that he is happy to see you, despite the fact that your bull Terrier is clearly not indifferent to his pants.
How to recognize
Switch the attention of the pretender on the subject, which does not give him much pleasure. Will see how the insincere companion mask flattery, severity or concerns will instantly disappear from the face.
Example
. Scarlet O'hara has always suffered from what has to pretend to be stupid, shy, and insecure. But what to do if certain situations it is required!
Liar, dear liar!
Do I always need to speak the truth or, as my mother said Lukashina hero of the film "Irony of fate... ", - "there are times when it is useful and to lie".
You cannot be unambiguous assessment of deception, without considering the underlying situation and characteristics of the person against whom it is directed.
False by default
is a frequent guest in married life. Many rightly believe that it is not necessary to ease your own soul, repenting of infidelity or detailing love stag adventure. Otherwise, such a "noble act" threatens to harm the relations of spouses. Conscience is the "sinner" to be pure, but in the soul of the second half will stay vague doubts and manic suspicion.
A white lie - a beautiful lie designed to sweeten the bitterness of the truth or even replace it. I remember a story told by my grandfather. When he came back to him with questions rushed into his father's brother. And, looking full of longing eyes, my grandfather told about how bravely fought his son, and died heroically defending their Homeland. Many years later he admitted: "I Lied. Our neighbour's son surrendered to the Nazis and was killed by our soldiers during the attack. But who needs the truth? ".
False promotion often present in dealing with people, something weaker than you. Wouldn't you say girlfriend, the day preparing for the first interview that she was not clever, and such a solid company with no experience it will not take ever? And who will dare to spoil the mood of the head, answering his question "How is your project? " of confession: "the Project is dead because of your incompetence!!! ".
So we have to stretch the truth, higher or lower someone's quality, reducing the disadvantages or decorating dignity
Lie detector
Psychologists say that a person can be guilty of lying by his facial expressions, gestures, especially speech, voice, breathing. So, the liar can issue:
Gestures
often covers the face or mouth with hands (some falsely I am coughing to justify this gesture);
- carded nose (when a person is lying, increasing the sensitivity of nerve endings in the nose);
- tert eyelids (men vigorously and women pretend to correct makeup);
- pulls the collar
But do not overdo it in his detective investigation: what if just a runny nose and so itchy nose. The girl in the conversation can keep your hand up to your face, covering it to the zit, and a young man to fix the collar of the shirt because it is not accustomed to tie.
Eyes
often blinks (this usually occurs six times per minute);
- involuntarily turns away from the interlocutor (usually inexperienced liars look away to the side or look down);
- fixed some stress with narrowed eyes and looks you in the eye (often operate blasted vruny).
Mental state of a person reflect his pupils, a reaction which, incidentally, cannot be controlled. When positive emotions - pupils dilate and, on the contrary, narrow when dissatisfaction with the situation.
It
- makes it too long or frequent pauses before answering a question (probably a liar slow, carefully choosing expressions and considering the situation);
- paste it unnecessary interjections, repeats words, says the extra syllables;
- speaks louder and higher than normal (especially if trying by deception to hide fear or anger
Although it is worth considering that some cheaters never show their emotions, and very impressionable people in certain situations able coolly to lie.
There are many signs of insincerity man, especially if he suffers from this discomfort. The difficulty lies in the fact that any expression, which in most cases indicate deception, for some people can be a part of their normal behavior.
But because of the lie detector you have at hand, not have to rely on your mind and powers of observation. And try to be natural and true - then people won't feel the need to lie to you. Anyway I really want to believe it.
Source:
Natalie
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