Memory is a complex process, mainly consisting of perception, storage and, when necessary, remembering information. For a child, student, course, important, how well he can memorize the presented material. Learning problems can sometimes be associated with a weak perception, but it doesn't always mean that the child has a bad memory. Reasons can be many, one of the important factors is the emotional background: child, constantly experiencing stress, can not concentrate on the lesson, the energy goes in another direction. So try to keep the psychological climate in the house was comfortable. Although the disorder can be associated with quarrels with children. There is already observe the situation (if you see that learning goes wrong).In General, the memory there are several types (and even these species are divided into subspecies). But the main ones are: visual, auditory, and motor memory. Here is who has what sense is more developed, the kind of memory and prevails. I must say that in children under 5 years dominated by the mechanical memory: i.e., memorization without understanding the information in a purely mechanical way (that's why many developing effective methods to five-six years of age).
Also it is proved that the memorization have been much more effective if accompanied by visual images, or connects associative array. For example, if the child is to propose a memory object (say hours), on which hung a sign with the name of the object, then the child is more likely to remember the way, and at the same time and a word that calls this way. Roughly speaking, the binding of names to visual perception.
Exercises for training visual memory
- For training visual memory it is possible to conduct such an exercise. Put the child a strip of 3-4 images with geometric shapes. Let's see, how should remember. Then images are closed and the child must remember the sequence in which the figures were posted. Complex version (for older children): propose to consider the shape with some added elements. For example, a square inside a circle, and the circle - triangle. Then ask the child to play (draw) shows a picture on a sheet of paper, without preliminary peeping.
- A similar game can be done with toys. On the table to lay out a few toys. To give the child to remember their location. Then let him turn away, and you remove one of them or will swap any two. Turning around, the child must reproduce the original position, or to tell what the subject is not enough.
- Also a great trainer for visual memory is the game "Pegaso". This set of images (like playing cards), each of which has a very similar pair. Pictures hang out, and laid out the top (they have the same design in several rows. Then open any two, the child remembers them and their location. Cards again overturned. Open the other two, and so on. The task of the child: if he saw the map and remember where its steam, it opens the map, under the assumption which the pair. If the pair matches - it is taken from the total number of cards. Well to play this game 2-3 children, or adults with children. The winner is the one who managed to open more of the same cards. (i.e't remember where the second pair of open map). Moves are made alternately.
Exercise for training the associative thinking
Put on the table pictures of different fruits, animals, insects, in common with some objects. Next, progovarivat child's words, and his task is to choose the picture that matches up to the word. The task can be difficult, calling not the word itself, and the fact that it can be treated, i.e. indirect signs. For example, instead of the word horse, you can simulate its neigh, and the child will have to determine what animal makes this sound and find this animal among the pictures.
Exercise for training the logical memory
Ask a child to remove from a number of images that does not meet the logical row. For example, among the animals you put a picture of an insect. The child must understand that unites all the pictures and what does not fit into a logical series to remove it.
Good for training and logic puzzles (for younger students):
- What birds need to pluck the feathers to get a morning, afternoon, evening and night? (with ducks)
What island complains of its small size? (Yamal)
"From what Cup you can't eat? (from empty)
- What did the elephant, when he came on the field-he (grazing)
- A and B were sitting on the tube, And fell,
B - gone, who is left on the tube? (trumpet remained)
- Hearts, diamonds, forehead Bay went on the boat
hearts, diamonds - drowned, who remained in the boat?
(on the forehead Bay: get legitimate clicking on the forehead)
- When hands are pronoun? (when - you-we-you)
- What is between the table and the fridge? (Union)
From the sky flew 2 crocodile in the box and one striped. How many of them were there? (none: crocodiles don't fly and the strip are not)
Exercise in memorization
The best way to memorize a poem, it is the visualization of the images that arise when reading the verse. Take a piece of a verse line which translate easily into mental images. When the child will be an action or describe a picture, it is easy to memorize the poem.
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