The current inhabitants of the big cities for the most part spared from a variety of muscular energy expenses, unavoidable in the past, but the fatigue in their majority is now different. On the fore fatigue mediated neuropsychiatric nature. This fatigue monotonous, repetitive, though not physically heavy tasks. How to overcome it? It hardly needs to prove that the problem of fatigue and tiredness is one of the Central places in our daily lives. How often we still strive to keep up with somewhere to go, someone to meet, but... there are no forces. Homework goes wrong, a friendly meeting to be postponed, and tomorrow brings new pending Affairs, new pending meeting.
And it's not so much, if you look, strength and physical energy expended today, the average city dweller. Water buckets to carry it is not necessary: it it saves water. Sawing and chopping wood. On the floor it usually raises the automatic Elevator. To work and back only a few lucky people are able to walk. Then why he gets so tired of the modern city dweller? And why is this fatigue does not decrease with the introduction of various technical improvements, and, on the contrary, it grows?
The current inhabitants of the big cities for the most part spared from a variety of muscular energy expenses, unavoidable in the past, but the fatigue in their majority is now different character. This fatigue monotonous, repetitive, though not physically heavy tasks. On the fore fatigue mediated neuropsychiatric in nature, supported by the same number of circulatory changes directly related to monotonous vertical position in which this person spends most of their active time. Fatigue from repetitive postures, internally stored for several hours a working day. Tired from the heat and noise from industrial premises. From phone calls from the daily avalanche falls on us and require urgent solutions information. Even if you sately working day had not moved, as they say, a finger, you still run the risk of getting tired in the evening, no less (and perhaps even more) if only because of the monotony of the vertical posture in which you necessarily were.
Try to make a simple experience and to stand for some time raised to a horizontal position straight arm. More than 5-6 minutes you can't do it, because our muscles limited, and no muscle group is not able to withstand prolonged static voltage without at least a short-term relaxation. No matter that you have not made any noticeable physical work - the effect of fatigue is evident. This monotonous, though not intense stress on the same muscles plus focus on repetitive and monotonous process leads to fatigue of the same order as that of the man with a raised hand.
But fatigue is not only a local process. If the muscle is a bit tight of nerve endings in the muscle fibers, in the brain continuously receives a stream of pulses. Moreover, in the tired muscle is irritated and even special chemoreceptors due to accumulation of metabolic products, such as, for example, lactic acid. When this peripheral impulses becomes sustainable when it kinda beats and beats at one point, in parallel with fatigue working directly organ develop depression and energy depletion of functionally related brain nerve centers.
Often the working posture of the person becomes the leading, if not the only, factor of fatigue not only because of long lasting muscular tension, but due to the serious challenges that it poses for his cardiovascular system. So, if the dogs 70% of circulating blood is at a level above the heart, standing or sitting on a chair person, this ratio is just the opposite. It means that our heart has sometimes 16 hours a day to lift the entire mass of blood where it releases carbon dioxide and absorbs oxygen (light), and then to drive them on to the vital organs: brain, heart vessels, kidneys, etc.
Failure peripheral mechanisms of blood circulation as if shifts at heart an incremental load, and it is to the end of the day, sometimes it can no longer cope. The buzz in the legs, aching in the lower back is often not only the result of muscle fatigue, but also a consequence of venous stagnation in small vessels of the pelvis and lower extremities. Other arm of the rocker - simultaneous reduction of cardiac output in the arterial tree with symptoms of insufficiency of cerebral circulation: dizziness, weakness, flashing eyes, familiar to many from his own experience.
From time to time such functional abnormalities remain sufficiently mobile, reversible, and easily aligned after elimination of the workload. However, at some point (everyone has their own threshold) restore the original equilibrium encounters increasing difficulties. A person develops fatigue, and every one involved in this physiological process units, accumulating and being summarized in the course, like fuels and exacerbates others. Thus, altered and degraded blood supply promotes local total autointoxication, and this, in turn, directly or reflex effect on the functional status of the Central brain of the entities responsible for the regulation of the internal environment of the organism.
Rise to a kind of vicious circle, when simply relaxing in a chair in front of the TV or on the couch with the newspaper is no longer enough, when fatigue is not removed another time and 8 hours of night sleep and accumulates from day to day, poisoning the mood of the person, making him depressed, irritable, and often setting the stage for overt disease.
"Active" passive recreation
We come here to one of the key points. Usually relaxation (relaxation) is associated in our minds Autogenes training, when the subject of using directed mental effort can inspire a fortune in something related to natural physiological sleep. When this process is quite deep relaxation involved almost all of its skeletal muscles, which contributes to a rapid restoration of power and relieve fatigue.
However, autogenic technique is complicated and not everyone is available; and whoever is available, does not always have a real opportunity to use it. Try, for example, how to relax right after a 5-kilometer cross-country or in the interval between the two meetings. Hardly what you will get. Therefore, a natural question: is it possible to achieve a similar effect in reverse, i.e. to intensify the processes of the Central braking - let not such deep, as in a dream, but sufficient for relaxation with the help of some external, purely physical techniques?
"... First worked right hand, followed by a rest period of 5 min; then the right hand again worked to exhaustion, followed by a second period of rest for the right hand, in which the left arm was 5 min, then immediately began to work the right hand for the third time".
These unconvincing, at first glance, the lines are taken from a report about one classic experiment, put about 100 years ago by the great physiologist I. M. Sechenov. The discoverer of the Central (brain) inhibition, to the end of his days continued to study his nature and that, in particular, found. When the hand of the experimenter repeatedly raised suspended through the unit weight was developed to fatigue, returning her health was much more likely, if during rest in the same work included another, until inactive hand.
"When I first started this experience continues Sechenov, I was very surprised that my left hand (used only during the 5-minute breaks) worked much stronger than the right, although I'm not a Lefty... My surprise grew even more when it turned out that the work of tired of the right hand after left was much stronger than he was after the first rest period".
Subsequently, it is detected Sechenov phenomenon has received the name of the paired, or reciprocal, braking. It's not hard to understand, if you remember a few examples from our everyday life. So, when we watch a fun movie, all our attention is usually focused on what is happening on the screen. When this insignificant extraneous events (ringing passing outside the window of the tram, door slamming and t.d.or are not perceived by us at all, or are on the periphery of our consciousness. In a particularly tense moment some detective story, we may not even hear directly addressed to us speech. The Central focus of excitation, as highlighted by the bright light beam, as would discards simultaneous shadow on adjacent brain areas inducyruya there a process linked braking. However, this phenomenon is not difficult to guess, retains its relevance and in more common situations, otherwise we probably would not be able to convey to the mouth, even a spoonful of soup, not focusing enough on the process of eating (why, by the way, suffer little children who on every trifling occasion, due to the relative weakness of their braking process).
Experience Sechenov tells us that the braking can be stimulated artificially. Later emerging in the course of individual development, it gives all sorts of breakdowns and failures, as an obstacle to our proper rest and relieve fatigue.
This can be illustrated using close to each of us the example. Many are known to have the habit before going to bed, read in bed a few pages of some fascinating reading. It would seem that Ustani man really, he fell asleep and so would. All true, but only when the stored relative balance of inhibitory and excitatory processes. If this equilibrium is shaken, the braking needs help from the outside. Worse, if it will tranquilizers, hypnotics, and much better when it is such a harmless method of reading at night. We are talking about the same dual braking, which is often enough, even a slight external force. It is in our case the excitation light that is called the person reading interesting books.
I want to remember in this regard, as has healed himself academician I. P. Pavlov, survivors in old age complex abdominal surgery. He's just asked to put near my bed vessel with cool water and for some time, several times a day, was put there fingers. The meaning of this simple procedure was to use such a light irritation of the skin receptors to have the reflex to stimulation of the relevant subcortical structures, and with them together and on the regenerative process in the surgical wound.
Can't work!
"Doing nothing" gives birth to creative ideas
CMEA: how not to burn to ashes
Learn not to think about work
No comments:
Post a Comment